Bone+Cancer

** __Possible Causes __ ** **__Diagnosis __**
 * Bone Cancer ** [[image:http://www.choosehope.com/img/cache/variation/Yellow_Enamel.jpg width="289" height="191" align="right"]]
 * __Facts and Statistics about Bone Cancer __ **
 * Accounts for less than 1 percent of all cancers (only about 2,300 new cases each year in the US)
 * The most common types of bone cancer are **Osteosarcoma**, **Chondrosarcoma**, and the **Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors**.
 * **Osteosarcoma** occurs most commonly between the ages of 10 and 19 . It is prevalent in the __long bones of the arms and legs__ at areas of rapid growth around the knees and shoulders. It is a very aggressive cancer.
 * **Chondrosarcoma** occurs mainly in adults over age 40 . It accounts for about __a quarter__ of malignant bone tumors. These tumors arise from the __cartilage cells__ . It most commonly affects the bones of the __pelvis and hips__ . The five-year survival for the aggressive form is about 30%, but the survival rate for slow-growing tumors is 90%.
 * **ESFTs** occur most often in children and adolescents under 19 . Boys are affected more than girls. It is the most aggressive bone tumor. It most commonly occurs in the __middle of the long bones of the arms and legs__ . The three-year survival rate is about 65%.
 * Previous radiation or chemotherapy
 *  History of Paget's Disease, a chronic disorder that can result in enlarged and misshapen bones [[image:http://cancersymptomsguide.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/Bone-Cancer-Treatment.jpg width="277" height="261" align="right"]]
 * Heredity
 * Metal Implants
 * __Symptoms __ **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">A mass or lump felt either on the bone or in the tissues surrounding the bone
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">A fracture after little or no trauma
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;"> Pain, numbness, or tingling in the extremities
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Fever, chills, night sweats, and weight loss
 * <span style="background-color: #f236bf; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Unusual swelling
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">**X-rays**- shows the location, size, and shape of a bone tumor
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">**Bone scan**- identifies areas of rapidly growing or remodeling bone
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">**CT scan**- gives good detail of your bones and is able to identify a possible tumor
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">**MRI**- provides better detail of the soft tissues, including muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, and blood vessels than a CT scan
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">**A PET sca**n- uses r adioactive glucose to find cancer cells in the body
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Biopsy **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">**Blood tests**- determine the level of an enzyme called alkaline phosphatase

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 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Treatment __ **
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Surgery **
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Chemotherapy **
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Radiation **
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Cryosurgery- **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">use of liquid nitrogen to freeze and kill cancer cells
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;"> Follow up treatment, **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;"> including frequent blood tests and checks by your doctor, is very important; people who have had bone cancer have an increased risk of getting leukemia later on in life
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Resources __**